A colonoscopy is an examination of the lining of the large bowel (colon) using a flexible tube with a camera (colonoscope). The colonoscope is inserted through the rectum and gently advanced through the entire colon. It allows the doctor to inspect the bowel lining for any abnormalities, take tissue samples (biopsies) and remove polyps.
Colonoscopy is usually performed to evaluate symptoms of
It is also used for
Good bowel preparation is essential for a safe and accurate examination. You will be given a bowel preparation kit with specific instructions. It is very important that you follow the preparation instructions carefully. Poor bowel preparation may result in the procedure being cancelled or important lesions being missed.
You may need to stop certain medications beforehand. Please inform your doctor if you are taking blood thinners, diabetes medications, or iron supplements.
You should follow a low-fibre diet for 3 days before the procedure and a clear fluid diet on the day before.
A light anaesthetic (twilight sedation) is used. You will be lying on your left side. The colonoscope is gently inserted through the rectum and advanced through the colon. Air or carbon dioxide is used to inflate the bowel for better visualisation.
The procedure usually takes 20 to 45 minutes. The doctor will carefully examine the lining of the entire colon. If polyps are found, they can usually be removed during the same procedure using specialised instruments passed through the colonoscope.
You will be monitored in the recovery area until the effects of sedation have worn off. You may experience some bloating or mild cramping due to the air used during the procedure, which usually passes quickly.
Because of the sedation given it is very important that you do not drive a car, travel on public transport alone, operate machinery, sign legal documents or drink alcohol on the same day after the test. It is strongly advised that a friend or relative take you home and stay with you.
Your doctor will discuss the initial results with you before you leave. Biopsy results typically take a few days.
Although complications can occur, they are rare when the procedure is performed by doctors who are specially trained in colonoscopy. Possible complications include
If you have any of the following symptoms in the hours or days after the colonoscopy
Please contact your doctor or present to the nearest emergency department immediately.
